在本专栏中，我会选取英文写作当中常见的同义替换进行讲解，英语作文同义词替换所讲解的词汇表达为通用词汇或者话题词汇。
1 使...可能(make sth possible)allow/enable后面既可以是不定式allow/enable sb to do，也可以是名词成分allow/enable sth。facilitate后面只能加名词成分facilitate sth。①The platform enables students to access class materials online.该平台使学生可以在线查看课堂内容。②The system allows the easy transfer of data from one computer to another.该系统使得数据可以很容易地从一台电脑传输到另一台电脑中。
这句话也可以改成allow sb to do结构：
The system allows users to transfer data easily from one computer to another.
③Computers can be used to facilitate language learning.电脑可以用来便利语言学习。【facilitate通常带有使...更便利的意思】
①measures to encourage recycling促进回收的措施 | Some computer games encourage violent behaviour in children.有些电脑游戏会助长儿童的暴力行为。【encourage既可以用作褒义，也可以是贬义。】②The club's aim is to foster better relations within the community.俱乐部的目标是促进团体内部的关系。
③Curiosity may prompt teenagers to commit crimes.好奇心可能是促使青少年犯罪。【prompt表示促使某人做某事：prompt sb to do】
3 责任/义务(responsibility/duty)obligation、be obliged to do、imperative①Employers have an obligation to treat all employees equally.雇主有义务平等对待所有员工。【obligation一般表示法律义务或道德义务】②Companies are legally obliged to pay the minimum wage.公司有支付最低工资的法律义务。【oblige是obligation的动词形式】
③Respecting the elderly is one of the most important moral imperatives in the Chinese society.尊敬老人是中国社会中最重要道德义务之一。【imperative作名词，表示必要的事，常与moral搭配】
4 减轻(make sth less severe)relieve、ease、lessen、alleviate、amelioraterelieve/ease/alleviate的宾语一般是问题。①The scheme is designed to relieve traffic congestion on the main routes into the city.该方案旨在减轻通往城市主干道的交通拥堵问题。②This should ease the burden on busy teachers.这应该可以减轻繁忙老师的负担。③measures to alleviate poverty减轻贫困程度的措施lessen的用法范围更广，表示(使)数量/程度/重要性减少。④The new project will lessen the effects of car pollution.新项目将减轻汽车污染的影响。⑤Several steps can be taken to ameliorate the situation.可以采取几项措施以改善局面。【ameliorate与situation是常用搭配。这句话可以用来引出解决方法】
ease/lessen两个词除了作使动词，还可以作不及物动词，即sth eases/lessens。
worsen、aggravate、exacerbate作为使动词时，这几个词意思相同，几乎可以互相替换。①Spending more money will only worsen the problem.投入更多资金只会加重该问题。②Pollution can aggravate asthma.污染会使气喘加重。③The factory shutdown would exacerbate our unemployment problems.关闭工厂会加剧我们的失业问题。
与上一组词中的lessen/ease相同，worsen也可以作不及物动词。如：The problem has worsened.
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